U&lc Graphic Design

General

An abbreviation for uppercase and lowercase.

Ultra-Sonic Cleaner Film

Equipment

A cleaning device used at labs that clean negatives before they are transferred to video or before printing.  Sound waves are used by the device to get ride of loose dust.

Ultra-Sonic Splicer Film

Equipment

A high-end, rather expensive splicing device that is used to splice polyester base stock.

ultrasonic testing Welding

Technical
A means to test metal sections for defects; a process in which reflections are picked up by high frequency sound waves focused on a particular metal section. Defects are found by picking up irregular return sounds.

umbel Gardening

General
A flower cluster that is a flat-topped or rounded shape. The stalks originate from a main point.

Uncial Calligraphy

General

Uncial is a form of book hand.  The early Christians and Romans used it; uncial was characterized by the squashed heavy form of the letter O.

Under Crank Film

Technical

A term that refers to running the camera at slow speeds, which in term creates fast motion.  The term originated from the time one needed to manually crank the camera.

Undercoat Painting

General

The first layer of paint spread over the primer; it creates the correct color base for the following coat finishes. 

undercut Welding

General
The cropping of the base metal by incorrect use of temperature.

undercutting Cosmetology

Technical
Undercutting is a cutting technique employed by hairstylists to create sculpted hair designs.  By cutting underneath layers of hair shorter than the layers on top, the hair often lands in a more attractive way around the head and face. 

 

Underexposure Film

Technical

Allowing less light than is needed by the emulsion of the film for correct exposure is called underexposure.  The scene will be too dark and if one tries to fix underexposure in printing, the result will be a rather grainy image.

Underlay Carpets/Rugs

General

An underlay is positioned beneath a carpet and aids to shield the carpet from daily wear-and-tear.

underpainting Painting

Technical

Underpainting is the starting layer of paint a painter uses to cover a ground/base layer.  The underpainting acts as a base layer for all the future layers of paint.  Often artists will execute the underpainting in a monochromatic color scheme.  This assists the artist in differentiating the tonal values for future paint layers.  Grisaille and verdaccio are both examples of kinds of underpainting a person can do.  The term originated from the idea that the underpainting is completed with the intent of painting it yet again (overpainting).  An artist follows a method of working in layers with the paint to finish the piece.  While it is true to many underpaintings are monochromatic, they do not have to be.  Underpaintings can be done in multiple colors, and artists such as Jan van Eyck and Giotto both used multi-color underpainting in their work.  Multi-color underpainting can be covered with future layers of paint color and be mixed optically by the human eye, thus preventing the artist from having to mix the color pigments physically and risk making the colors muddy.

 

unicom system Carpentry

Technical
A word taken from "uniform manufacture of components." It utilizes modules with proportions that are bigger ratios of the standard size.

unit-row construction method Quilting

Technical
A technique that is used to piece blocks. First the small block units are attached to form rows, and then the rows are attached.

unprotected-metal construction Carpentry

General
A kind of construction that includes metal structural parts that are not protected by fireproofing.

Upholstery Fabric Textiles

General

Durable fabric created to be resistant to stains and able to withstand heat. 

Upright Moviola / Upright Film

Equipment

A device containing arms that pick up and supply reels.  The film shifts up and around to a screen on the front.  Motors are controlled by the foot petals for sound speed and multiple speed viewing. 

urea-formaldehyde resin glue Carpentry

Product
A type of moisture resistant adhesive that firms up with the addition of water to the resin powder in a chemical reaction.

Utility Textiles

General

Hardwearing fabrics such as hessian, canvas and denim. 

utility quilt Quilting

General
A functional quilt that usually contains a simple pattern and few frills.