gable Carpentry

General
Refers to a section of a wall that is placed in the middle of the inclination of a single-sloped roof and the line extending perpendicular from the ground past the shortest point of the roof structure.

Gaffer’s Tape Film

Product

A type of cloth tape that is used on particular film shoots.  Generally, gaffer’s tape is either silver or black and is two inches in width.  It is used instead of duct tape because it does not leave any residue after it is peeled off.

gain Carpentry

General
A notch cut to permit the attachment of other hardware or another member.

Gallery Display Business Art

General

An artist needs exposure for his artwork.  To do this, one may work with organizations, websites and galleries to display the work.  In working with anyone or organization, an artist needs to maintain control over his rights of the artwork.  For example, to display work with a gallery, an agreement is signed in regard to how the gallery will present and hold the artwork.  The placement of the artwork, the framing of the artwork, terms of delivery, the sale price and the value of the work should be clarified, identification of the artwork, fees for displaying the artwork and the time the exhibition will be displayed all need to be included within an agreement.  It is also important to include any license information that allows the gallery to reproduce the artist’s work without infringement.  One should be careful to analyze the license terms of agreement as a separate entity especially if the license includes terms that go beyond reproduction for publicity purposes.  Also any gallery agreement must include information about the risk of loss of the artwork should any event or damage occur.  Galleries should have insurance that takes care of artwork exhibited.

Galleys Graphic Design

General

Galleys refer to type set that is in long columns.  They may be printed using a page-assembly program in desktop publishing to use for copyfitting or proofreading.

gambrel roof Carpentry

General
A type of sloped roof. The top of the triangular roof appears to be taken off and on it is inserted an inclined roof that showcases a ridge at its middle with a peak.

Gamut Print Making

General

Gamut is the range of hues that various kinds of ink sets or output devices can process and make particular hues in a particular range. 

Garconne Fashion

General

A term used after WWI to describe women who both looked like and dressed like boys.  The term originated from the title of a novel published in 1922 by Victor Margueritte. 

gas metal-arc welding Welding

Technical
The displacement of atmospheric air in a weld. This prevents oxides from forming by feeding an inert gas into a weld to protect the molten filler metal.

gas tungsten-arc welding Welding

Technical
A type of inert-gas arc welding using tungsten as the electrode material. Also known as TIG welding or Heliarc welding

gas welding Welding

Technical
A type of welding in which acetylene and oxygen are burned to create a 6300 degree F (3482C) flame. Also known as oxyacetylene welding.

Gastrocnemius Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the lower leg, the gastrocnemius includes the medial head that joins to the femur just above the medial condyle ( the lateral head operates the same way above the lateral condyle).  It is located at the achilles tendon to the bone of the heel, the calcaneus.  The function of the gastrocnemius is to straighten the joint of the ankle to point the left or right foot, or lift a person that is standing onto the ball of his/her foot.

Gate Film

General

A camera or projector opening that resides behind the lens.  On a camera it allows a single frame to be exposed; on a projector it allows the single frame to be projected.  

Gauge Film

General

The gauge is the  width measurement of a film format.  Examples of gauges are 35mm and 16mm.

gauze Interior Decorating

Product
A flexible open-weave transparent fabric.

Gazar Fashion

General

Silk gauze created by a textile manufactory founded in Switzerland called Abraham.  Gazar has a smooth, crisp feeling to it. 

Gel Film

Product

A big sheet of clear tinted plastic; it functions as a filter for a movie light or as a window covering.  The sheets can be purchased in several different colors.  This is one type of gel.  The other type of gel can change one color temperature to another color temperature

genus Gardening

General
A category that sits below a family and above a species. It involves a group of species that contain similar characteristics.

germination Gardening

General
The initial plant growth from a seed.

Gesso Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

A material of white ground that prepares a support for the future application of paint.  Gesso is made up of glue, chalk and white pigment. 

Gestalt Drawing

General

Gestalt refers to the concept that the whole “togetherness” of something is greater than the sum of its individual parts.  It is the total concept of the item being created – rather than just thinking of the separate pieces that make up the item.

Gesture Drawing

General

A gesture drawing is the representation of the essence of an object’s or figure’s position.  It is the act of creating a drawing or sketch with a loose grip and movement of the drawing tool used.  Gesture drawings are often very expressive and allow one the freedom to loosen up and not worry about small details.  Gesture drawings are an ideal way to warm up before one starts to concentrate on a more intense drawing exercise. 

Gibson girl Fashion

General

A character made up by Charles Dana Gibson, an American illustrator.  The character was first seen by viewers in his artwork in 1895.

Giclée Print Making

Product

A giclée is a digital print that results from a digitalized image exported from a computer to an inkjet printer.  Often a giclée refers to a fine art print or a limited edition printed on archival quality paper that is coated.  The pigment inks used to make the print are UV stable.  In order to be considered a “giclée” a print needs to stand up to Fine Art Trade Guild standards. 

 

Gicleé Business Art

Product

A gicleé (zee-clay) is a French word that means to spray or spit. Gicleé reproductions are images of the original piece of artwork that are created with a high-end ink jet process. 

GIF Graphic Design

General

GIF stands for graphic interchange format.  A GIF image can be shown with up to 256 colors.  Usually this type of image contains small file sizes; as such, they are a frequently used graphic format on the Internet.  They cannot be used successfully in printing because their compression creates a low quality image.

Gigot sleeve, leg of mutton sleeve Fashion

General

A sleeve in the shape of a leg of mutton – the sleeve is rounded and full starting from the shoulder and extending to the elbow.  It then narrows at the wrist.  In the 1830s very full sleeves were fashionable, and they again came into fashion during the 1890s.

Gilding Calligraphy

General

Gilding refers to applying gold leaf to an adhesive base in order to embellish an ornament or letter.

Gilet, vest, waistcoat Fashion

General

A man’s sleeveless garment the length of the waist; the garment was worn over a shirt and under a jacket.

girder Carpentry

General
A main beam that upholds heavy loads at certain intervals along its length.

Girdle Fashion

General

A flexible undergarment worn (usually) by women over the waist and hips to give the body a slimmer appearance.

Glass beads Fashion

General

Glass beads - beads made of glass since ancient times all over the world.  Glass beads from Venice are especially well-known.  Mariano Fortuny used glass beads frequently in his designs.

Glaze Painting

General

A colored thin layer of transparent paint put on another layer of paint.  It is used to change the look and color of the previous surface. 

glazing Carpentry

Technical
The technique of placing glass into doors and sash. The term also relates to placing glass panes into different kinds of frames.

glazing compound Carpentry

Product
A soft and rubbery substance made of plastic used in glazing sash and doors.

Gloss Painting

Product

A type of paint that is washable and durable.  It can be found in a variety of colors. 

glue block Carpentry

General
A block of wood that enhances a right-angle butt joint; it is often placed in the middle of a tread and riser in stairs. The block is glued into place.

Gluteus Maximus Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the hip and thigh section of the body, the gluteus maximus includes the posterior, lateral surfaces of ilium,sacrum, and coccyx, as well as a number of ligaments on the pelvis.)  It is located at the upper, posterior surface of the femur, and the iliotibial band.  The function of the gluteus maximus is to straighten the thigh at the hip and bring it backwards.

Gluteus Medius Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the hip and thigh section of the body, the gluteus medius includes a wide area on the lateral surface of the ilium.  It is located at the great trochanter of the femur.  The function of the gluteus medius is to lift the thigh to the side. Moreover, its anterior and posterior sections rotate it medially and from side-to-side.

Gobo Film

General

Also known as a cookie.

goose-chase unit Quilting

General
A unit that is created out of two small right triangles stitched to the short sides of a right triangle that is twice the size of one of the smaller triangles.

Gothic Art Styles/Movements

General

A style of artwork that emerged between the 12th-16th century in Europe.  The term refers to paintings and sculpture that contained a naturalistic style.  However, predominately the term “Gothic” is known as an art movement that influenced the architectural style of the day.  Intricate ornamentation, such as pointed archways and complex rib vaulting, characterize the Gothic style.  The movement started in France and spread through Europe.  It replaced the Romanesque architecture style before it because it allowed for stained glass windows rather than traditional mosaic decorations; moreover, it also permitted thinner walls to be built – as opposed to the thick ones in the Romanesque style.  Examples of Gothic architecture include Amiens, Reims and Chartres.

Gothic Script Calligraphy

General

Gothic script refers to a general term that includes various styles of writing; usually the writing is heavy and angular, and relates to the medieval period.

Gouache Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

Non-transparent watercolors which are often used to create illustrations. 

Gradation Drawing

General

Gradation is a drawing or painting technique in which there is a gradual change from a tone/color into another tone/color.  Gradation is used in drawing to create forms that appear three-dimensional.

grade beam Carpentry

General
A reinforced section of a slab base that is made to sit on supporting piling.

Gradient Graphic Design

General

Gradient refers to a function in graphic software permitting a person to make an image contain a gradual change of colors (such as purple turning gradually into blues and then greens). 

graduation Cosmetology

Technical
A method of hair cutting in which the hair is cut shorter and shorter as the hair stylist moves from the front to the back of the head.  A curvy shape results from graduating.  The technique of layering is considered the opposite to graduating.    

 

grain Quilting

General
The crosswise and lengthwise threads of a piece of woven material. When the grain is parallel to the selvage (lengthwise grain) it has the least give when pulled.

Grain (Leather) Leather

General

The grain is a term relating to the degree of quality of a piece of leather.  Several factors determine the quality grade, including the level and condition of any marking exposure after the removal of any hair folllicles, and any damage on the leather's surface.  A leather contains a better grain if it was taken from a younger animal. 

grain line Quilting

General
A guideline in the form of a line or arrow that shows the correct alignment of the pattern of the grain in the material.

granulation Color

General
The sedimentary visual effect of washes.

Graphic Design Graphic Design

General

Graphic design is the visual display of a concept or idea.  Various sub-categories exist under the umbrella term “graphic design.”  For example, graphic design includes under its actitivites web design, logo design or poster design.

Graphic Novel / GN Anime / Manga

General

A graphic novel is simply the collected issues of manga or comic books into one book.  The term may also refer to a novel adaptation or original story that is told in comic book form but bound in a book format.  Because of their visual content, manga graphic novels are often presented in a wider version of a paperback novel. 

Grasscloth Paper

General

Grasses that are adhered to paper substrate by glue.

gray Color

General
A neutral hue; a color located between white and black.

Gray-scale Image Graphic Design

General

A gray-scale image refers to a deep bitmap that keeps track of every dot with its gray-scale level.  A function of the size of the dot is the impression of greenness.  A section of small dots will appear light, and a section of large dots will appear dark.

Greeked Text Graphic Design

General

Greeked Text refers to text that is displayed as gray bars that is similar to the lines of type as opposed to the actual characters.  Greeked text lessens the amount of time necessary to draw images on the screen.

green Color

General
One of the secondary colors; a color located between blue and yellow. The color of pine trees.

greige Interior Decorating

General
A color between gray and beige.

grid Quilting

General
An arrangement of similarly spaced vertical and horizontal guidelines. The purpose of a grid is to enlarge or reduce patterns to a scale. "Grid" is also a term that relates to stitching on the background of a quilt.

Grid (drawing) Drawing

General

A grid is a pattern of parallel lines that cross one another at right angles or diagonally. 

grid method for triangle-squares Quilting

Technical
A technique that involves placing two pieces of material to face each other at their right sides. A grid of squares is marked on the right side of the fabric and diagonal lines are marked on the squares. Diagonal seams are stitched upon the squares.

Grisaille Painting

Technical

A style of painting using only various shades of gray; this type of painting is used in particular to create relief sculpture.  

Grissaille Art Materials and General Art Terms

General

A monochromatic painting (usually gray) that is often placed underneath other layers of colored glazes.

Groove Artist Anatomy

General

A term describing a type of bone concave form, a groove is a linear, skinny depression. 

 

grosgrain Interior Decorating

Product
A rayon or heavy silk fabric with thin horizontal ribs, frequently used for ribbons.

ground Carpentry

General
A section of wood that helps a plasterer create a straight wall and create an area that the finish of a room can be attached to.

ground cover Gardening

General
A plant that covers the surface of the ground.

ground fault interrupter Carpentry

Product
Electrical safety mechanism that is placed in an outlet or electrical circuit. It senses a short circuit and turns off power on its own. It is used as a preventative measure to guard against electrical shock.

ground line Art Perspective

General
The ground line is the location that a picture plane is positioned on the ground. 

 

Groundglass Film

Product

The surface of etched glass in a camera’s view-finding system.  The groundglass and film plane are located the same distance from the camera lens. 

grounding Carpentry

Technical
A system for electrical protection that involves an electrical wire placed along the metal of a power tool to a third prong located on the power plug. The wire guides damaging currents away from the operator when it is paired with a grounded receptacle.

grout Carpentry

Product
A type of thin mortar. It is used in masonry work.

Guillotine Film

Product

A kind of tape splicer using splicing tape that is not perforated. 

Gum Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

A substance originating from a plant that is soluble in water.

Gum Arabic Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

A substance taken from Acacia trees that functions as a medium for watercolor paints. 

gusset Carpentry

General
A panel of a material such as metal or wood that is joined to the edges of a frame to enhance its strength and firmness.

gutter Carpentry

Product
A trough - made of metal, plastic or wood - that is placed in the edge of a roof to guide water flow.

gypsum wallboard Carpentry

Product
Wall surfacing panels that include a gypsum center covered on the top and back with paper.