baba ghanoush Cooking

General

A dish originating from the Middle East that includes a combination of tahini, lemon juice, garlic, eggplant, and olive oil.  It functions as a dip or spread and may be garnished with mint and pomegranate seeds.

Baby doll Fashion

General

A type of dress that contains short puffed sleeves and a waistline that is not defined.  The term was taken from the film Baby Doll from 1956. 

Back Burning Ceramic Art

Technical

Back burning occurs in burners when the movement of fuel or air leaving the end of the burner is not going as fast than combustion.  This causes the flame to transition down the burner tube to heat the orifice.  And this in turn causes an orange smoky flame and a burner tube that is too hot.

back drape Fashion

General

A piece of material joined to the waist or shoulder to add an elegant extension over the back to the ground. Some back drapes can be removed.

Back Pressure Ceramic Art

Technical

Back-pressure occurs in a fuel kiln due to internal pressure; the internal pressure is due from a correct balance of damper setting and combustion pressure.  The end result of back-pressure is a quicker and cheaper heat system.

back yoke Fashion

General

A tailored section of material placed at the shoulder of clothing or at a skirt's top.  

backband Carpentry

Product
A thin rabbeted molding that is placted on the outer corner and edge of door casing and interior windows in order to create the effect of a thick trim appearance.

backerboard Mosaics

General

Panels made from fiberglass or cement that are used as the foundation for mosaic work when water-resistant, underlayment is required.

backfill Carpentry

Technical
Putting earth back around foundations at the completion of an excavation.

backfire Welding

General
A loud sudden pop resulting from combustion inside a oxyacetylene torch tip.

Background Drawing

General

The background is the space in a piece of artwork that functions as a means to support and enhance the main subject matter of the piece.  It surrounds the objects in the piece and may include actual objects and people, or simply be empty negative space.  

background fabric Quilting

General
The material upon which appliques are sewn.

background quilting Quilting

Technical

The stitching that is sewn underneath a main motif.

backing Quilting

General
The fabric on the back of a quilt.

backing board Carpentry

Product
The base panel of gypsum drywall that showcases a gray liner paper on top. It is used in a two-layer drywall system and cannot be used as a top surface.

backing ring Welding

Product
A metal ring put into a seam of a pipe intended to be butt welded; the ring allows for full strength and weld penetration in butt welded pipe seams.

backing strip Welding

Product
A strip of metal used to enhance weld penetration and strength; it serves as a backing ring.

Backlight Drawing

General

A backlight is a source of light that is placed behind a person/object in order to cause a division between the person/object from the background of the artwork.  Sometimes this division is a silhouette.

backstitch Quilting

General
A machine-stitch that goes over stitches already present on fabric in order to reinforce a seam.

backstitch loop knot Quilting

General
A knot whose purpose is to finish the thread in handsewing.

Backwind Film

Technical

The process of rewinding the film in a camera in order to create the shot for double exposure.

bacteria Fermentation

General

Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can survive either apart from other organisms,  dependently on other organisms or working together with other organisms.  When depending upon another organism for its survival, the parasitic bacteria may cause harm.

 

Bag Wall Ceramic Art

General

A bag wall is a refractory wall that in a few fuel-burning kilns shields the wares from direct contact with the flames and heat.

baguette Cooking

General

A long loaf of French bread that is known for its crunchy exterior crust and soft interior. 

Bailatino Dance

General

A bailatino is a combination of Latin dances; in these dances, no partner is required.

Baion Dance

General

Baion refers to a kind of Samba rhythm from Brazil that is slow; during the 1950’s the Baion became popular. 

Baka Anime / Manga

General

In anime, baka is a term that may be heard when one watches a sub-titled anime film.  It translates to “idiot,” “stupid,” or “fool.”

bake Cooking

Technical

To make food inside an oven; cooking with the use of free-circulating dry heat.  The term "baking" is usually reserved for desserts and breads.  Food is known to be "roasted" at increased temperatures which lends a new dimension to the flavor.

baking potato Cooking

General

A high starch, low moisture potato from Idaho that showcases a hardy rough skin.  French fries and excellent mashed potatoes are two examples of foods made from Idaho potatoes.

baking powder Cooking

General

A type of baking soda that is a double-action leavener.  It becomes chemically active when combined with a liquid and then heated. One can make baking powder be combining baking soda and cream of tartar. 

baking sheet Cooking

Equipment

Sheets of metal used for baking.  Ideal baking sheets are insulated and thick.   Some sheets are non-stick, meaning that they do not require shortening or butter to grease it before food is placed upon it.

baking soda Cooking

General

Sodium bicarbonate.  Pastries that include acid are ideal for baking soda because it is a good leavener when stimulated by acid. When no acid is present in one's recipe, baking powder is best added instead of baking soda because it contains acid.

Balance Dance

General

In dance, balance is a step that shifts from one foot to another (often in ¾ time).

Balance (ballroom) Dance

General

Balance refers to the skill of a dancer maintaining his/her body in an upright and steady position.  Balance may occur either when the dancer is still or when the dancer is moving.

Balance Stripe Film

Equipment

A stripe that stops warping from developing; it is used on 35mm strip mag stock as well as super-8 sound film.

Balboa Dance

General

Balboa refers to a type of Swing that became trendy in California during the 1950’s. 

Ball Clay Ceramic Art

General

Ball clay involves deposits of secondary clays that are found in marshy regions.  Ball clay is characterized by high plasticity, a high level of drying shrinkage, a high level of organic contaminates and particles that are very fine and tiny.  Ball clay should be fired off-white or white.

ball gown Fashion

General

A full skirt that starts at the waist and flows into a formal length. They come in various designs. 

Ball Mill Ceramic Art

Equipment

Ball mill is a type of vessel that revolves mechanically; ceramic materials may be positioned with water, as well as high-fired porcelain slugs or flint pebbles.  Ball mill is utilized for grinding glaze and clay materials into small particles.

Ballerina Dance

General

The term ballerina refers to a female dancer.  The female that plays the leading role in a dance is referred to as the prima ballerina.

ballerina neckline Fashion

General

A low neckline.  Dresses that often feature this kneckline include strapless or spaghetti strapped dresses.

Ballet Dance

General

Ballet consists of classical theatrical dancing derived from the danse d'ecole.  Ballet’s structure and vocabulary were set during the 1700s in France. 

Ballet blanc Dance

General

Ballet blanc refers to a ballet that involves women clothed in white tutus (as seen in the 2nd and 4th acts of Swan Lake).

Ballet d'action Dance

General

Ballet d'action usually refers to a ballet consisting of a tragic plot.

Ballet de cour, le (court ballet) Dance

General

Ballet de cour, le (court ballet) refers to either mythological or allegorical themes played out for entertainment by the aristocracy during the 16th and 17th centuries.  The spectacles involve a mixture of mime, recitatives and music.

Ballo Dance

General

Ballo refers to dances and the accompanying music originating in Italy during the 15th and 16th centuries. 

Ballon Dance

General

Ballon refers to the skill of a dancer that involves maintaining a suspended position in the air throughout a jump; the term may also refer to one’s elasticity while jumping.

balloon framing Carpentry

Technical
A kind of building construction that has standing studs that originate from the foundation sill and extend to the rafter plate.

Ballroom dances Dance

General

Ballroom dances refers to social dances.  Often ballroom dances are done by partners.  Examples of ballroom dances include the mambo, samba, cha cha, fox-trot, waltz, tango and the rumba.

baltimore-style applique Quilting

General
Applique patterns that contain items such as baskets, people, fauna and flora. This type of style of sewing was begun by a group of Methodist women during the 1850s in Maryland.

baluster Carpentry

Product
A structure member that holds a stair rail that is turned and/or square spindle-like in appearance.

balustrade Carpentry

Product
A structure that holds a hand rail or continuous stair; its railing is constructed from a number of balusters that stand on a base such as treads.

Bamboo Carpentry

General

A type of grass that takes on the characteristics of wood over an extended amount of time.

Bambuca Dance

General

The bambuca is the national dance of Colombia, South America.

banana oil, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

Amyl acetate is a lacquer solvent that exudes a potent scent smelling of bananas - and hence is often referred to as babana oil.  A lacquer diluent called amyl alcohol, exudes a smell similar to amyl acetate but it is not as strong.  Amyl acetate can cause health problems; it can for example, irritate the nose, throat and eyes.  

Bandeau / Tube Top Fashion

General

A bandeau (or tube top) is a circular band that is used to cover a woman’s breasts.

Banding Print Making

Technical

Banding consists of patterns on a print due to a lack of color or gray-scale ranges in the output device’s image processor.  Banding may also be caused by a lack of information in the original scan.  Banding causes crisp changes between varying ranges.

Banding Wheel Ceramic Art

Equipment

A banding wheel is a type of wheel that is operated by hand.  The turn-table is capable of doing such things as creating banded decorations and applying wax resist.

Bank Kiln Ceramic Art

Equipment

A bank kiln is a type of kiln originating from the East Asian kiln.  It involves a tubular kiln chamber that was taken from an earthen bank.  It is a type of kiln that originated before the tube kiln and anagama.

Banner Graphic Design

General

A banner is the title of a periodical; this is displayed on the front of a magazine as well as on the first page of a newsletter.  A banner includes the publication’s name, volume, date, number and serial info.

Banyan Fashion

General

An indoor garment worn by men in England during the 1600s and 1700s. The garment was first worn in Inida by the Hindi.

Bar Printer Print Making

Equipment

A bar printer is simply another word used for an inkjet printer.

bare electrode Welding

Product
A bare electrode that is consumable and utilized in arc welding without a flux coating.

Bare-midriff top Fashion

General

A clothing style popularized in the 1970s that exposes the body from the waist or hips to the rip cage under the bust.

Barn dance Dance

General

Barn dances originated during the colonial times in the United States; the dances were created from the dance movements of England’s country dances.  Barn dances were danced in the barns and halls of the colonials in order to socialize with one’s neighbors.

Barndoors Film

Equipment

A type of blinder used on either side of a light in order to prevent light from radiating in several different directions.  Frequently gloves are worn to adjust them because of the heat generated from them.

Barney Film

Equipment

A cozy wrapped around a camera in order to lessen the amount of camera noise; they are not much help on cameras that are very noisy to begin with, but they can be handy on decent cameras that need just a little help in reducing their noise.  The term stems from blankets used to warm horses.

Baroque Art Styles/Movements

General

The Baroque movement began around 1600 in Europe as a result of the formulaic Mannerist style that permeated art during the late Renaissance time period. Baroque art leaned more towards realism and the emotions, and was more simplistic than Mannerist artwork.  A big proponent of the style was the Catholic Church, as it was a major patron of art during that time period.  Key artists of the movement included Gianlorenzo Bernini, Annibale Carracci, and Caravaggio.  Over time, Baroque art was replaced by the Rococo style. 

 

Barre Dance

General

A barre refers to a wooden bar extending around a ballet studio’s wall positioned at waist height.  An individual uses the barre in order to fix or adjust his/her balance often during the first part of class.

Barrel Arch / Roman Arch Ceramic Art

Equipment

A barrel arch is a type of kiln arch that creates a half circle that includes the start and finish of the arch on a horizontal surface.  No skew bricks are used in a barrel arch.

Barrida Dance

General

A barrida is a sweep in dance.

Bas, en Dance

General

In dance, bas, en refers to “low” (such as the position of one’s arms).

basal leaves Gardening

General
The name of leaves growing from the bottom of the plant.

Basalt Body / Basalt Ware Ceramic Art

General

Basalt body is clay body that contains a sufficient amount of dark clays and/or metallic oxides in order to fire it black or dark brown.

Base Film

Equipment

A translucent strip that is perforated; emulsion is adhered onto the base.  Both items make up a piece of film.

Base (sculpture) Sculpture

Equipment

A base (also called plinth) is the item that a sculpture is mounted, attached or fixed upon; it should not be confused with a pedestal, because a base is positioned between a pedestal and the sculpture. 


Base Coat Painting

General

The first paint application layer on a surface.  It is applied prior to decorative paint finishes.

Base Line Calligraphy

General

Also known as the writing line, this is the level that a line of writing rests.  The base line lends a fixed reference for the various heights of letters and the drop of the descenders.

base metal Welding

Product
The metal that is intended to be brazed, cut or welded.

base shoe Carpentry

Product
Narrow molding placed along the perimeter of a room at the intersection of the finish floor and the baseboard.

Base Tone Drawing

General

The base tone is the darkest value on an object or person.  The base tone is the area on an object or person that the light source can not reach.

Baseline Graphic Design

General

A baseline is the imaginary horizontal line that the majority of the letters reside.  To lend a sense of optical balance, letters that are rounded slightly go under the baseline. 

basement Carpentry

General
The bottom of a house that is either in the ground or partially in the ground.

Bases (ceramics) Ceramic Art

General

Bases involve the fluxes or melting agents that mix with neutrals and acids.

basic color theory Art Materials and General Art Terms

General
Basic color theory says that the three primary colors - red, yellow and blue - cannot be made from other colors.  Instead, all three colors are mixed in various ways to create all other colors.  Secondary colors - green, orange and purple - are made from mixing the primary colors together.  And tertiary colors - yellow/orange, yellow/green, red/orange, blue/green, and blue/violet are made from mixing the secondary colors.

Basic movement Dance

General

A basic movement refers to a constant figure characteristic in dance.

basic triads (color) Art Materials and General Art Terms

General
The three basic types of triads create a full color wheel of twelve colors.  Each of the triads is linked to the wheel by an equilateral color-coded triangle.  It is helpful to know the basic triads in order to expand one’s color palette beyond the standard primary palette of yellow, red and blue.  The twelve colors include the three primaries, three secondaries and two sets of three tertiaries.  

color systems 

Baso Valve Ceramic Art

Equipment

A Baso valve is a safety valve.  It is used along with a thermocouple sensor probe on the majority of gas kilns.  Baso valves work on a very small amount of electrical current that is made by thermocouple.  No external electrical hookups are usually necessary when one uses a natural-draft kiln that uses a Baso system. In operation, if the pilot is turned off, the thermocouple will cool down and the Baso valve will close – shutting off the gas.

basque waist Fashion

General

Basque waist/V-waist - This dropped waist starts at or just below the natural waistline, and dips in the center creating a "V" shape.

Basse danse Dance

General

Basse danse is a serious court dance that is performed in duple time.  It was a dance that was common during the 15th and 16th centuries. 

basting (safety pin) Quilting

Technical

The method of joining the quilting layers with safety pins.

basting (thread) Quilting

Technical

The method of joining fabric layers together with long hand stitches to prevent shifting.

Bat Ceramic Art

Equipment

A bat is a firm flat disc of wood, plaster, or plastic that is positioned on the wheel-head.  After the throw is done, the bat is taken off the wheel-head in order to prevent any damage.

BAT (bon-a-tirer) Print Making

Product

A BAT is the proof an artist uses to compare any prints created at a later date.  Often a signed BAT is required prior to any future printing being done.

Bateau Neck / Boat Neck Fashion

General

A bateau (or boat) neck is a wide, long neckline that follows along across the back and front of a garment and joins at the shoulders.  The depth in the back and the front is the same.

batten Carpentry

Product
A section of wood that is used on a surface to hide joints.

batter Carpentry

General
The inclination of a structure - such as a wall - from the vertical position.

batter board Carpentry

Product
A temporary structure utilized to locate corners as the foundation base is constructed.

batting (batt) Quilting

Product
Used to provide extra warmth in a quilt. The fiber placed between the pieces of fabric may be cotton, cotton-polyester blend, silk, polyester, or wool.

batting loft Quilting

General
The amount of thickness of a batt.

batting, glazed and bonded Quilting

Product
Batting whose fiber is made stable through a manufacturing process. Resin is sprayed onto bonded batt; resin coats both sides of glazed batt.

batting, needlepunched Quilting

Product
Batting whose fibers have been twisted and entangled together, making the fibers stabilized by use of a machine.

Bauhaus Art Styles/Movements

General

A design, architecture and art school begun in 1919 in Germany.  Its style centered around geometric efficient design and a stress on the significance of the materials used in the art created.  Walter Gropius was the catalyst of the movment; he was made the head of two art schools in Weimar which he combined to create the Bauhaus.  The school focused on teaching practical craftsmanship and creating good designs that had the potential to be mass-produced.  The school moved a couple of times; in 1933 the school was shutdown by the Nazis.  The school continues to play an influential role in art today, whether it be typography, weaving, furniture or architecture.  Key figures from the school include Marcel Breuer, Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Wassily Kandinsky, and Laszlo Moholy-Nagy.

bay Carpentry

General
One of the various intervals that the building plan is sectioned into, including piers, division walls or columns.

bay window Carpentry

Product
A type of window or windows that rests beyond the main wall of the foundation.

Bayonet Film

Equipment

A kind of lens mount that is often paired with heavy lenses.  They can be joined to a camera without the use of any locking.  They can come in handy when a quick change of a lense is called for – as opposed to a screw-mount lense which takes longer to take on and off.

Beach pajamas Fashion

General

A full-length trouser ensemble worn between the 1920’s and 1930’s by women as sportswear. 

bead or weld bead Welding

Product
A bead created by fusing two separate metal pieces together with a welding rod.

Beading Glaze / Beaded Glaze Ceramic Art

Product

Beading glaze is a particular controlled-crawl glaze that was created in order to crack and then crawl under the firing process.  The effect is caused from the high amount of L.O.I in the glaze materials.  The beads are then formed when melting causes isolated beads to develop on the wares’ surfaces.

beam Carpentry

Product
A main building member that is placed between columns, walls and posts.

bean sauce Cooking

General

A kind of condiment made out of soybeans; it plays an important role in stir-fry dishes.  It is accessible at Asian grocery stores and is frequently found in many supermarkets.  "Ground bean sauce" is saltier than its counterpart "whole bean sauce."

bean sprouts Cooking

General

Sprouts that are edible and come from all kinds of beans and seeds.  Examples of bean sprouts include alfalfa, lentil, and radish sprouts.  Sprouts keep best in ventilated containers kept in a refrigerator.

bearding Quilting

Technical
The forming of balls or little pills that are created due to lack of stabilization of a fabric's fibers.

bearing partition Carpentry

General
A partition that withholds its own weight as well as an upright load.

bearing wall Carpentry

General
A wall that upholds an upright load along with its own weight.

beat Cooking

Technical

The action of mixing ingredients together quickly and firmly in order to blend them.

bechamel sauce Cooking

General

A French white sauce.  It is created out of milk, butter, and flour whose combination is blended over low heat and slowly cooked. 

bed molding Carpentry

Product
A molding that is placed at the intersection of two surfaces. Often used in cornice trim.

bedding Carpentry

Product
A filing - such as putty or mortar - that holds together a firm bearing.

beef fillet Cooking

General

A type of cut of meat that is boneless and tender that originates from the tenderloin.  Sauteing and grilling are the best ways to cook a beef fillet.

beeswax Quilting

Product
A substance that is smeared onto quilting thread in order to firm and enhance the strength of the thread while quilting.

beet Cooking

General

A root vegetable.  Its greens should be removed when storing the vegetable to ensure freshness.  Beets come in a variety of sizes and is available year-round.

Beguine Dance

General

Beguine refers to a particular type of Rumba that is thought to have originated in either Cuba or Martinique.

Bell Kiln Ceramic Art

Equipment

A bell kiln is a type of kiln that contains a non-movable floor along with a body that can be lifted upward on vertical tracks.  A bell kiln permits one to easily load and remove big objects.

bell peppers Cooking

General

Bell peppers that are bright green contain a sharp flavor.  If a green pepper is allowed to ripen one or two weeks more, it will turn into an orange, yellow or red pepper and showcase a much milder taste.  Also known as sweet peppers.

bench mark Carpentry

General
A mark on a fixed object on the ground that elevations and land measurements are created from.

beneficial insects Gardening

General
Insects that help along a plant by parasitize or eat the insects that destroy plants. Examples of such insects include lacewings, dragonflies and ladybugs.

benign Fermentation

General

Something is termed “benign” to infer it is not harmful.  Benign cancer is cancer that is not or is no longer harmful to the body. 

 

Bento Anime / Manga

General

In anime, bento refers to a standard Japanese boxed lunch.

Bentonite Ceramic Art

General

Bentonite is a type of clay that is created from airborne volcanic ash.  The clay must be combined with another type of clay due to its shrinkage being very high.  It is characterized by very fine particles and is very plastic.  If one adds 2-3% to clay it will raise the level of plasticity.  Bentonite is combined with a glaze in order to maintain suspension and enhance the raw glaze adhesion.

Bermuda onion Cooking

General

A sweet and rather large onion that originates from Bermuda.  It is ideal for sandwiches and salads because of its sweet taste.  Shelf life less than other onions.

Berthe Fashion

General

A big cape-like collar worn by women that was first worn in the 1800s to cover their neckline.

Besom Pockets Fashion

General

Besom Pockets are pockets that are placed inside a garment; a person accesses the pocket through the use of a welted opening. 

Best Light Film

General

A well-chosen selection of pairing a timing light with most of the footage of a film by the timer.

between Quilting

General
A short needle for quilting.

bevel Welding

Technical
A preparation step prior to welding in which the edges of the base metal are ground to accommodate the filler metal.

bevel Carpentry

General
An angle (other than 90 degrees) that is cut on the edge of an object.

Bevel (graphic design) Graphic Design

Technical

One can give an image a raised appearance by the addition of a beveled effect; highlight and shadow colors are applied to the interior and exterior edges of the image.

bevel siding Carpentry

General
A type of finish covering placed on the outside of a structure.

Beziér Curve Print Making

General

Curving segments of lines made by anchor or end points, with a minimum of one node or transient point.  The term was so named after a French engineer whose name was Pierre Beziér.

bias Quilting

General
The direction in which a quilt has the most durability and strength when pulled.

bias applique Quilting

General
Curved strips of bias-cut fabric. A type of applique design, also known as Celtic applique).

bias binding Quilting

General
Strips utilized to go over the batting and edges of a quilt; the strips are cut on the bias.

Bias Cut Fashion

General

A bias cut is a cut that is done diagonally across a fabric’s grain.  Bias cuts are usually used to make garments designed to shape closely to the body’s curves.  A woman named Madeleine Vionnet was especially well-known for bias-cut dresses. 

bias-strip method for triangule-squares Quilting

Technical
A technique involving putting bias strips of fabric together lengthwise and cutting them into triangle-squares.

Biceps Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the upper arm, the biceps include two points on the deep anterior, superior part of the scapula. Each of the two points is for a particular head.  These points involve the glenoid fossa and the coracoid process.    The biceps are located at the anterior surface of the radius below the head.  They are responsible for bending the arm at the elbow and turning the forearm palm-up.

Biceps Femoris Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the hip and thigh section of the body, the biceps femoris includes    the long head that extends from the ischial tuberosity. The short head comes from a line on the back of the femur that is positioned underneath the long head.  It is located at head of the fibula.    The biceps femoris is responsible for pulling the thigh backwards and bending the leg at the knee.

Bicorne Fashion

General

A crescent-shaped hat worn by men during the Napoleonic period.  This hat was a favorite of Napoleon 1, and worn by the Incroyables as a substitute for the tricorne.

bid Carpentry

General
An offer to complete a job or supply materials/equipment at a certain price.

biennials Gardening

General
Plants that grow and live up to 2 years.

big corners set Quilting

General
An arrangement of blocks in which large triangles are arranged at a quilt's corners in a diagonal set.

Bike Tard Fashion

General

A bike tard is a one-piece garment that extends from the hem of the shorts to the top of a figure’s torso

Binder Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

A stable adhesive liquid element in paint that joins pigment particles and the paint film together to keep the overall state of the paint in place. 

binding Quilting

General
The material that covers the raw edge of a quilt.

binding, continuous bias Quilting

General
The material that covers the raw edge of a quilt in one long strip.

binding, French or double Quilting

General
The material that covers the raw edge of a quilt that is folded lengthwise (doubled).

bioavailability Fermentation

General

The amount of degree and the speed at which a given compound attains systemic circulation and is brought to the targeted tissue of the body.

 

Biomorphic Painting

Technical

An attribute referring to organic shapes made from natural or biological forms.  The artists Calder, Arp and Miro used biomorphic attributes in their artwork.

Bird's Eye Carpentry

General

Formations of waves and circles on wood that appear to be a bird's eye. 

bird's mouth Carpentry

General
A notch cut at the bottom of a rafter to in order to place it correctly to the top plate.

biscotti Cooking

General

A type of crunchy Italian cookie.  The dough is baked twice.  The first time the dough is baked in a log form.  It is then sliced and baked a second time. 

Bishonen Anime / Manga

General

A Japanese term that means “pretty boy.”

Bishoujo/Bishojo Anime / Manga

General

A Japanese term that means “pretty girl.”

bisque Cooking

General

A type of gourmet soup made out of cream and pureed seafood. 

Bisque Firing Ceramic Art

Technical

Bisque-firing is the beginning kiln firing that involves clay sinters without any vitrifying.  Even though bisque-firing is porous it will not break down in water.

Bistre Art Materials and General Art Terms

Product

A pigment that is transparent and brown.

BIT Print Making

General

BIT stands for Binary Digital T.  It signifies the smallest unit of data in a computer (1 or 0).  The term was so named in 1948 by J.W. Tileu at Bell Labs. 

Bit Depth Print Making

Technical

Bit depth is the most number of bits that define a pixel.  Bit depth measures the brightness level; it is the number of potential colors or variations of gray that may be used in an image.

Bit-mapped Graphic Design

General

In graphic design, the paint graphics mode tells a person if an image is created from pixels includes either the pixel being off (white) or on (black).

Bitmap Print Making

General

A bitmap is a rasterized graphic image created from a grid of dots or pixels.

Bizarre silk Fashion

General

A type of silk fabric created with exotic and unique patterns that usually include both baroque and Oriental motifs.  This type of silk was famous from the 1600s to the early 1700s.  

black Color

General
Devoid of a hue; reflecting little or no light. The absorption of light without the reflection of any rays of light.

Black (font) Graphic Design

General

Black refers to a font that contains more weight in comparison to the typeface that is its bolded rendition.

Black (printing) Print Making

General

Black is the fourth color in process 4-color printing.  In CMYK, black is the “K.”

black bean Cooking

General

A kind of dried bean that is squarish in shape and is black with an interior of white.  It is frequently used in salads and soups because of its good flavor.

Black Body Radiation Ceramic Art

General

Black-body radiation is the infrared radiation that exits from a material or surface at the point it gets up to red heat.

Black bottom Dance

General

Black bottom refers to a black couple dance that is thought to have originated in the 1920’s. 

Black Figure Style Ceramic Art

General

Black-figure style is a particular style from the late Archaic and early Classical style in ancient Greek ceramics.  It involves the figure that is the focus; red is the color of the background and the figures are in black. 

Black Generation Print Making

General

Black generation is the inclusion of black ink with other process colors when dividing an RGB color image to CMYK colors.  Black generation may happen by either switching some of the CMY with K (GCR – Gray Component Replacement), or by using K in solely neutral regions (UCR – Under Color Removal).

Black Leader Film

Product

Also known as Black Emulsion Leader.  It is an opaque black film used by a negative cutter when he/she is getting A&B rolls ready.  Plastic leader cannot be used for A&B rolls because it cannot be cement spliced like an emulsion leader can be.  Not all black pieces of film are the same; the more opaque it is, the better.

Black Mountain College Art Styles/Movements

General

The Black Mountain College, a school located in North Carolina, made history when it became the center for American cultural production in the middle of the 20th Century.  The school promoted the artistic and educational experimentation not usually pushed by other schools at the time.  Josef and Anni Albers were a couple of the first teachers of the school.  After the Bauhaus closed because of the Nazis, they came to the United States.  They, along with other individuals such as Walter Gropius, Jacob Lawrence, Willem de Kooning, Robert Motherwell, John Cage, Alfred Kazin, Merce Cunningham, and Paul Goodman, played an enormous role in the minds and lives of the students at the school.  The school became the model for what an American experimental education system should be.  After reaching its limit in terms of influence of its students and other establishments, the school closed.  However, its legacy lives on due to its influence through the generations of students attending other art schools. 

Black Point Print Making

General

Black point is color that creates the values of 0,0,0 when scanned by a scanner.  In the best of circumstances, the black point is 0% neutral reflectance or transmittance. 

Blackware Firing Ceramic Art

Technical

Blackware firing is bonfire-firing the wares which are covered with dung and sometimes sawdust at high temperatures and then put underneath something like ash or dirt with the intent of capturing the smoke; the result of the process gives the wares a black surface.

Blaue Reiter Art Styles/Movements

General

1911
Blaue Reiter was formed in order to secure exhibition space for artists seeking to express their individual expressions.  The title of the movement was coined by Wassily Kandinsky’s drawing of a blue horseman.  Kandinsky, Franz Marc, and Gabriele Munter were the key artists that started the movement in December 1911.  They had an exhibition that included several other artists such as Albert Bloch, Robert Delaunay, Elizabeth Epstein, August Macke and Henri Rousseau.  A second exhibit followed that was much larger which included the famous artists of Pablo Picasso, Braque, Klee and Goncharova. Thought it did not last long, the movement was significant in that it brought German Expressionism to its highest level of painting.  It also encouraged the idea of individual expression and not following any accepted values that might restrain an artist’s creativity.  
 

Blazer Fashion

General

A blazer is a sports jacket that contains long sleeves and lapels.

Bleed Graphic Design

Technical

In graphic design, to bleed refers to a design element that reaches to the edge of the page.  In order to print a bleed, the item is printed on paper that is bigger in size than the item being printed.  Once printed, the paper is trimmed to accommodate the bleed.

bleeding Quilting

General
A fading of fabric when water is applied to a piece of material.

Bleeding (painting) Art Materials and General Art Terms

Technical

The visual effect achieved when a dark color “bleeds” into a lighter color. 

blemish Carpentry

General
A defect that takes away from the quality of a piece of wood.

Blended Carpets/Rugs

General

A combination of multiple fibers.

Blending (painting/drawing) Art Materials and General Art Terms

Technical

Smoothing edges of shapes or colors one into the other in order to create a seamless gradation from one to the next.

Blimp Film

Equipment

A fiberglass housing that holds a noisy camera; the house makes possible the use of the camera for sync sound filming without the addition of all the racket. 

Blimped Camera Film

Equipment

A camera designed to contain internal soundproofing – it does need an external blimp to prevent noise issuing from the camera.  Shorthand for a camera that is internally blimped is, “BL.”
 

Blind Contour Drawing

General

A blind contour drawing is a line drawing that is created without the use of constantly looking at the paper.  Instead, one concentrates intensely on the item that he/she is drawing and tries to draw the many shifts of lines and tangents of lines seen.  These types of drawings enhance one’s eye-hand coordination and create a better awareness of changes of form and space.

blind nailing Carpentry

Technical
Pertaining to tongue-and-groove flooring in which nails are inserted at a 45 degree angle to the subfloor and placed at the origin of the tongue where they cannot be seen.

blind stop Carpentry

General
A structure member placed on the outside edge of the head and side jamb of a window in order to create a stop for the top sash. It also forms a rabbet for storm sash, blinds, shutters and screens.

blindstitch Quilting

General
Also known as applique stitch.

blistering (ceramics) Ceramic Art

Technical

Blistering is a glaze defect that involves bubbles on fired glaze surface that frequently burst and create hard craters.  The best way to avoid bubbles during high-firing is to use a short oxidation soak at the finish of the firing process in order to permit the surface defects to right themselves.  One can also use low-firing by elongating the firing process or through soaking the kiln when the time comes for maturation. 

blistering (painting) Painting

General

The forming of bubbly protrusions in varnish films or paints due to lack of adhesion and the raise of the film from the surface beneath.  

Bloating Ceramic Art

Technical

Bloating is a type of firing defect in which blisters are created inside the clay body.  The result of bloating is a series of lumps on top of the surface.  Bloating is due to the expansion of gases inside the clay due to too much early reduction (which causes carbon coring), too much fast bisque firing, and extending the firing process for too long.  

block Quilting

General
The section of design in a quilt that is usually square in shape.

Block Printing Paper

General

A design pattern made from wood blocks featuring a carved pattern template.

Block Quote Graphic Design

General

A block quote is a quotation that is at least 4 or more lines in the body text.  A block quote is placed on a page separately from the words of the author in order to make it clear to the reader that the quote comes from another source.

block units Quilting

General
The smaller sections making up a block.

block-level / block level Computer

General

 A block-level box is one in which an element box takes over the full width of a parent’s content area and pushes other elements away from its sides.  A break exists before and after a block-level element.  A div is an example of a block-level element.  Display values that make block-boxes include all CSS Advanced Layout templates and: block, list-item, table-caption, table-cell, table-column-group, table-row, table-footer-group, table-header-group, table-row-group, table, list-item, and block.


block-level layout / block level layout Computer

General

In CSS, a block-level box in CSS creates an “element box” - a rectangular box.  The box designates the degree of space surrounding an element.  The content, padding and border areas of an element make up the background area.  Any transparency of the border (such as if it was dashed) will be seen through those sections.  The margin area is not included in the background portion of an element.  Important to note is that just the width, height and margins of an element box can be set to auto.  Margins may contain negative values.  The default of an element box for its border and padding widths are none and 0 (zero).  Also, the property width determines just the width of the content area if the box-sizing is content-box.  The property width determines the full width of the content, borders and padding if the box-sizing is border-box.  If there are margins, they are placed in addition to it.  This same principle applies to the height in regards to the height of the element.

 

block-to-block set Quilting

General
An arrangement of blocks that are not sashed, set straight or set diagonally.

Blockboard Carpentry

General

Blocks of solid wood that have been adhered between veneers.

Blonde lace Fashion

General

A type of fine silk bobbin lace produced in Bayeux, Caen and Chantilly in France.  This silk was first created with cream-colored unbleached China silk thread.  The lace was popular between the 1750s to the 1800s. 

Bloom Art Materials and General Art Terms

General

A visual effect that happens on varnished surfaces in damp places; things become gradually more and more opaque and dull.

Bloomers Fashion

General

A type of underpants that contains loose legs that gathers at the knee length.  A woman named Amelia Bloomer created them to encourage dress reform for women.  However, the bloomers were not received very well.  Later, the bloomers became popular as bicycle riding attire in the 1880s.  As time went on, girls wore them as gym clothes. 

Bloomsbury Group Art Styles/Movements

General


A group formed by friends that shared a common attitude towards life.  The group met frequently starting in 1904 in Bloomsbury, London at Thoby Stephen’s home.  The meetings were centered around conversations on literature, philosophy, and art.  Out of the group emerged artistic and literary styles, as well as theories on psychology and theory.  Examples of group members include Clive Bell, John Maynard Keynes, Desmond McCarthy, Leonard Woolf, Saxon Sydney Turner, Lytton Strachey and Virginia Woolf. 
 

Blow Down Film

Technical

Colorlab in Rockville, Maryland coined this term to refer to a reduction print that is created from super 16mm to regular 16mm.  It works as a substitute for pricier processes of blowing up super 16mm to 35mm.  One would assume that the term blow down is the opposite of the term blow up, but actually the term reduction print is used instead.

Blow Up Film

Technical

Going from one gauge to another in film in order to optically expand the film, such as going from 16mm to 35mm.  A reduction print (see also blow down) is just the opposite, such as going from 35mm to 16mm to reduce the optical enlargement.

blown glass Blown glass

General

Blowing through a glass bubble at the end of a hollow tube creates blown glass.  Through the activities of rolling, pinching, and spinning an artist can form the glass into various formations.  Another way to create blown glass is to put the bubble in a hollow mold and then blow into it until it grows into different areas of the mold.   

blue Color

General
One of the primary colors. The color located between green and violet in the visible spectrum; a light illuminaiton containing a wavelength between 450 and 500 nm, the color of the sky.

blue stain Carpentry

General
A stain resulting from fungus growth in unseasoned lumber - such as pine. The strength of the wood is unaffected.

Blunge Ceramic Art

Technical

Blunge is the method of combining a glaze or slip with an impeller mixer is that motorized.

Blunger Ceramic Art

Equipment

A blunger is an impeller mixer that is motorized that is utilized to get a casting slip or clay slurry ready.  It is positioned on a clamp or bracket to permit a slip to remain blunging for a long amount of time.

BMP File Print Making

General

A BMP file is a Windows bitmap file that contains an extension of “bmp.”  It defines an image in dot patterns (one dot = one pixel). 

board Carpentry

Product
Lumber that does not exceed two inches in thickness.

board foot Carpentry

General
The measurement of a board that is one inch thick and one foot square.

Bobbin lace Fashion

General

Lace created on a pillow that patterns are marked out by pins.  The bones (or bobbins) are crossed back and forth over the positioned pins.  There are varieties of bobbin lace, including Binche, Mechlin, Chantilly, and Brussels. 

Body Color Art Materials and General Art Terms

General

Opaque paint that has the ability to surface over a color beneath it so none of it can be seen.

Body Height Calligraphy

General

The body height is the height of the basic form of a lower-case letter.  The additional length of the ascenders or descenders is not part of the body height. 

Body Reduction Ceramic Art

General

A body reduction is an amount of time in which reduction atmosphere is created between cone 012 and 08 to allow iron color and speckles in clay body; it is used in particular in high-fired stoneware.

Body Type Graphic Design

General

Body type refers to the plain, book or normal type utilized for big passages of text.  Body type is frequently 9 – 14 point and is used in places like chapters in a book or in articles within a magazine.

Bolero Dance

General

Bolero refers to a dance that started in Spain.  The dance often includes Spanish singing with a very slow Rumba rhythm.

Bolero Jacket Fashion

General

A bolero jacket is a waist-length comfortable jacket that is open at the front.

Bolex Film

Equipment

A type of 16mm non-sync camera created by the Paillard Company in Switzerland.  Generally, when a person refers to a Bolex camera, they are referring to a reflex spring-would model (like a Rex-4).  However, there exist several different kinds of Bolex cameras.  Some of them, for example, may be spring-wound, motor-driven, reflex or non-reflex.

 

bolster Interior Decorating

General
A cushion or pillow that is long and narrow.

Bonding Fashion

General

Bonding is the textile process of making two fabrics into a single piece by backing with foam or adhesive.

Bone China Ceramic Art

Product

Bone China is a type of clear porcelain that contains bone-ash.

Bone Dry Ceramic Art

General

Bone dry in ceramics means that something is very dry and brittle.  It is necessary that clay is bone dry before one fires it.

boniato Cooking

General

A common tuber in Asia and Latin America.  Also known as batata.  Its flavor is a mixture of a sweet and white potato and is similar in its cooking needs.  It can be baked like a potato or boiled.

boning knife Cooking

Equipment

A type of knife that showcases a thin-blade.  It is can be used for piercing meat and boning.

bonito flakes Cooking

General

Dried flakes from dark fish; the flakes are frequently used in dashi - a Japanese soup stock.

Boogie Woogie Dance

General

The term Boogie Woogie refers to an African American jazz dance.  An individual holds one’s knees close together and then shifts the hips from one side to the next while the person moves forward.  At first the Boogie Woogie was a particular type of music.  Nowadays however it is also a certain type of dance common in Europe.  The Boogie Woogie originates from the Rock ‘n’ roll style popular in the 1950’s. 

Book Hand Calligraphy

General

Book hand is any of the various styles of the alphabet frequently used in making books prior to the age of printing.

Bookmatching Carpentry

Technical

Wood veneer sheets that are positioned to create a symmetrical effect.

Boot Cut Fashion

General

A boot cut is a garment design that lands under the belly button and flares a little bit from the knee to the ankle. 

border Quilting

General
A piece of fabric that is placed over the edges of the inner quilt.

border corner square Quilting

General
The square piece that is placed at the corner of a quilt and joined on the end of the border.

Boro look Fashion

General

A term coined for Rei Kawakubo and Yohji Yamamoto’s collections in 1982.  In Japanese, “Boro” means “ragged.”  Shabbiness became fashionable from the monochromatic, ragged and simple clothes.  The fashion statement expresses a feeling of absence.

Bossa Nova Dance

General

Brazilian musicians changed the “cool jazz” of the United States into a softer, more gentle samba rhythm known as the Bossa Nova.  Bossa Nova became well-known around the world when the single “Girl from Ipanema” became a hit in 1964.

bosting Carpentry

Technical
A term applied to the rough shaping out of a design.  

 

Boston Jive Dance

General

The Boston Jive is a type of Swing dance that contains similarities to the Lindy, but it also contains kicks.

Boston lettuce Cooking

General

A type of lettuce that is part of the butterhead family.  Its flavor is rather bland and the leaves are tender. 

Boucle Carpets/Rugs

General

A fabric that is either woven or knitted that contains a design that is curled or looped.

boule Cooking

General

Bread in the shape of a ball that is baked in the oven without a pan. 

Bounce Card Film

Equipment

A card, either silver or white, that is used to create soft indirect lighting on a subject matter.  The card allows light to bounce of itself and onto the subject matter, creating a delicate atmosphere.  Sometimes they are used to create soft shadow areas or a soft brightening on an area.  Frequently the cards are used outside because they do not need any electrical power to work.  Also known as a reflector card.

Bourree, pas de Dance

General

The term refers to a number of quick, short steps performed with one’s feet kept close together.

Bowl Calligraphy

General

A bowl refers to the section of a letter that is made by curved strokes joined to the main stem and enclosing a counster.  The letters a and b are two examples.

Box Pleated Fashion

General

A section of a garment is said to be box-pleated when there exist two folds of fabric that are joined to form a pleat.

Boy Leg Fashion

General

Boy-leg refers to swimwear, underwear or shorts that fit the legs closely and extend only half way down the thigh.

Brachialis Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the upper arm, the brachialis includes the anterior surface of humerus.  It is located at the anterior surface on the head of the ulna.  The brachialis is responsible for bending the arm at the elbow.

Brachioradialis Artist Anatomy

General

Part of the forearm, the brachioradialis includes a short line on the lateral edge of the humerus.      It is located at the proximal end of the radius on its lateral side.    The brachioradialis is responsible for bending the forearm at elbow.

bracket Carpentry

Product
An extending suport for a structure - such as a shelf.

Bracketing Film

Technical

Filming a shot many times using various f-stops to obtain the ideal shot.  Sometimes this method is used to shoot titles.  Smart camera operators will allow for a few frames of black between each of these shots to let the editor known when one shot starts and another ends.

bract Gardening

General
A leafy or scalelike part of a plant that may be small, exotic or be very colorful. It resides under a flower or flower stalk.

braise Cooking

Technical

A cooking technique of cooking food by browning it in a small amount of fat and then adding a kind of liquid to the pan.  The pan is then covered and the contents are cooked over low heat. 

Branching Stroke Calligraphy

General

In calligraphy, a branching stroke is the stroke that joins an arch to the down-stroke of a letter.

Brayer Print Making

Equipment

A brayer is a roller that moves, adheres or presses two flat surfaces together.

braze Welding

Technical
A type of weld that is not fused; it is created by raising the temperature of a base metal over 800 degrees F (427C) using a non-ferrous filler metal.

bread crumbs Cooking

General

Dry bread crumbs and fresh bread crumbs.  A flavor may be added to dry bread crumbs and they are lightly toasted.  Fresh crumbs are made from a blender or food processor.  Any good bread will do to make bread crumbs. 

breaking-out-of-the-block set Quilting

General
An arrangement of blocks of the same size that are positioned in a block-to-block set that appears to be an allover set because of the various colors of the blocks.

brick construction Carpentry

Technical
A kind of construction in which the outside walls are bearing walls created from brick.

brick molding Carpentry

Product
A kind of molding for outside door frames and windows that acts as the edge molding for siding material. It creates a rabbet for combination door, screens and/or storm sash.

brick veneer construction Carpentry

Product
A kind of construction of a wood-frame structure which has an outside surface made up of single brick.

bridging Carpentry

Technical
Sections placed in pairs originating from the bootm of one floor joist to the adjacent joists on top. They are crossed to balance the floor weight.

Brightness Print Making

General

Brightness is the general intensity of an image; if the brightness value of an image is lower, the image is darker.  And if the brightness value of an image is higher, the image is lighter.

brine Fermentation

Product

Brine is created with water and salt and used in the fermentation process to maintain a certain pH level of the water in order to retard the growth of bad bacteria and foster the growth of good bacteria.

 

brioche Cooking

General

A type of yeast bread that contains high amounts of eggs and butter.

Brise Dance

General

Brise is a type of jump that consists of a jump off of one foot that in turn is “broken” through beating one’s legs while in the air.

broadcast Gardening

Technical
To toss around fertilizer or seeds on the ground by hand.

broadloom Interior Decorating

Product
A woven carpet created upon a loom that is frequently a solid color; the carpet may reach up to 18 feet in width.

broccoli raab Cooking

General

Simlar to broccoli, but it contains more leaves and stems and is more bitter.  It can be substituted in any recipe that calls for broccoli. 

broderie perse Quilting

General
A French phrase that means "embroidering chintz."

broil Cooking

Technical

A cooking technique of cooking food underneath the heat source in order to create a crisp crust while achieving a certain texture and doneness of the interior.  The bigger the size of the item to be cooked, the greater the distance the item needs to be from whatever is used to heat the item.

Broken Color Color

General

Broken color was incorporated into the Impressionists’ paintings during the 19th century in French painting.  The color was painted on a canvas using small short strokes (versus the normal method of carefully blending the tones and colors together.  The result was a “patchwork” appearance in which the strokes gave the visual effect of light falling over the planes and forms of objects and figures.  Today broken color continues to be used popularly in paintings.

bronze mirror Interior Decorating

Product
A mirror containing a deep brownish tone that is frequently used to enhance a room.

Bronzing Print Making

Technical

Bronzing refers to a problem that occurs with some ink/paper combinations.  “Bronzed” (darkened) reflections from the inked regions are side-by-side with regions where there exists no ink or hardly any ink.  The result is that there occurs a full reflection on the paper.  Bronzing is also known as “gloss differential.”

Broomstick Fashion

General

A broomstick is a dress or skirt that contains several pleats and crinkly fabric.

broth Cooking

General

The foundation of most soups.  Broth is created from cooking meat, fish or vegetables in water and then straining the liquid and getting rid of the fat.

brown Cooking

Technical

A cooking technique of cooking food rapidly.  It is done in order to cook the outside of food while maintaining a moist center.  A hot heating source is essential for browning foods. 

brown sugar Cooking

General

A mixture of molasses and white sugar.  One cup of sugar plus two tablespoons is a basic recipe for brown sugar.  To create darker brown sugar, add more molasses.

Brushwork Painting

Technical

The stylistic way in which a brush paints on a surface.  It refers to the texture and stroke of a brush. 

Buck Dance

General

Buck dancing stresses percussive rhythms using the movement of the heel and toe.  It is different from “shuffle” clogging style in that one bends his/her legs more.

bud Gardening

General
The origin of a flower; buds turn into flowers. A bud positioned on the end or side of a stem will create a new growth for the plant.

buff Carpentry

Technical
A word referring to polishing through the rubbing of a cloth over and over the surface of something.  The word may also be used to  refer to an electrical machine that polishes wood or metal; it contains a fabric wheel at each end.  

 

Buffering Print Making

Technical

Buffering is the addition of an alkaline substance (such as calcium carbonate) into the paper pulp of a paper in order to neutralize the acids in the paper.  The buffer acts as a shield from the pollution in the atmosphere, or from the acid in the paper.

Built Up Letters Calligraphy

General

Built-up letters are letters that are created by drawing, as opposed to writing them.  They may also be made by altering the basic form of the structural pen strokes. 

built-up roof Carpentry

General
A type of roofing that is made out of many layers of rag felt or jute mixed with pitch, coal tar or asphalt. The upper layer is completed with gravel or crushed slag. Usually placed on low-pitched or flat roofs.

bulb Gardening

General
A food storage plant member that resides underground. It contains a stem that roots expand from.

Bulerias Dance

General

The Bulerias is a Spanish gypsy dance.

Bulk Ink Print Making

Equipment

Bulk ink is simply ink that sits in big containers; it is used for printing in quantity.  It is used to prevent a constant running out of ink while printing items in bulk. 

Buon fresco Painting

Technical
A durable type of painting technique in which the pigment, held in water, is applied to wet plaster.

 

burn off rate Welding

Technical

The consumption rate of a consumable electrode as expressed in material length and time unit.

Burnish Print Making

Technical

To burnish something means to rub it smooth; it also means to transfer or adhere to an alternative surface area.

Bustle Fashion

General

A bustle is a pattern of steel springs placed under a skirt to make a projecting derriere.  Bustles were fashionable in several forms during the second part of the nineteenth century.

butt Carpentry

General
A kind of door hinge. A leaf is placed into an area that is routed on the door frame jamb. The second is inserted in the door edge.

butt joint Welding

Technical
The joint between two metal sections that are lying flat, butt to butt.

butted corner seam Quilting

General
Also known as squared corner seam.

buttonhole or blanket stitch Quilting

General
A type of hand stitch that joins fabric pieces into decorative hand applique and sometimes broderie perse applique. It is sometimes used to enhance the edges of fabric pieces in crazy quilting.

buttonhole-stitch applique Quilting

General
A type of applique that stitches fabric pieces on the background of a piece of material using a buttonhole stitch.

butyric acid Fermentation

General

Butyric acid is fatty acid that arises in the creation of esters located in animal fats, as well as some plant fats.  The fermentation of starch or sugar creates a large amount of butyric acid. 

 

Byline Graphic Design

General

A byline is simply a credit line in an article for the author; it is used in magazine and newsletter design layout.

BYTE Print Making

Technical

BYTE is a unit of digital measurement.  Every 8-bit byte signifies an alphanumeric character.  1 byte = 8 bits.


 

Byzantine Art Styles/Movements

General

A style of artwork characterized by big domes, mosaics and arches originating in the 4th Century from the eastern Roman Empire.